Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive psychosis, is characterized by extreme mood swings between mania and depression, impacting social and occupational functioning. It affects less than 1% of the population, with an unknown exact cause. However, it is more prevalent among relatives of individuals with bipolar disorder and depression. It is a chronic illness requiring long-term treatment, and the risk of relapse can be as high as 87% if treatment is discontinued.