Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is characterized by inflammation of the shoulder joint capsule, leading to thickening and stiffness. This condition can develop spontaneously or following a rotator cuff injury or other situations that cause immobility.

Causes and Risk Factors:
Gender and Age: Women aged 40 to 60 are at higher risk
Endocrine Disorders: Conditions like diabetes mellitus or thyroid disorders
Shoulder Injuries: Previous shoulder injuries can increase risk
Prolonged Immobilisation: Extended periods of immobility after an injury

Signs and Symptoms:
Freezing: Pain is the primary symptom, intensifying over weeks and potentially affecting sleep and movement
Frozen: Movement becomes increasingly restricted, with stiffness gradually worsening and impacting daily activities. Pain may lessen as stiffness intensifies
Thawing: The shoulder's range of motion slowly improves during this phase

Diagnosis:
Comprehensive history and physical examination
Imaging studies such as X-rays, ultrasound, MRI, and CT scans
Blood Tests

Treatment may include:
Rest
Physiotherapy
Corticosteroid Injections
Manipulation under anaesthesia