Ankle Sprains

A lateral ligament injury typically involves a sprain or tear of one or more ligaments on the outer side of the ankle. The lateral ligaments, comprising three bands, are collectively known as the lateral ligament complex and are crucial for providing stability to the lateral aspect of the ankle joint.

Causes and risk factors:

• Overstretching of the lateral ligaments
• Sports participation
• Navigating uneven surfaces
• Previous ankle injuries
• Poor physical conditioning
• Inappropriate footwear

Signs and symptoms:

• Pain on the outer and front part of the ankle
• Audible snap, crack, or tear at the time of injury
• Swelling around the outer and front part of the ankle
• Difficulty walking due to pain
• Sensation of ankle weakness
• Bruising that may extend up the leg and down to the toes

Self-care:
Apply immediate first aid for ankle sprains - RICE
Rest: Avoiding activity or sport and limiting weight-bearing on the affected ankle.
Ice: Applying ice to the injury for 15 to 20 minutes every 1 to 2 hours, ideally using crushed ice wrapped in a moist cloth or towel.
Compression: Using an elastic bandage around the injured ankle to reduce swelling.
Elevation: Keeping the injured ankle elevated above heart level, using a chair or pillows for support.

Diagnosis:

• Thorough history and physical examination
• Imaging studies, including X-ray, ultrasound, MRI, and CT scans